The Joint Admissions and Matriculation Board (JAMB) has outlined the Biology syllabus for the 2025/2026 Unified Tertiary Matriculation Examination (UTME). This syllabus serves as a comprehensive guide for candidates, detailing the topics and objectives essential for effective preparation. A thorough understanding of this syllabus is crucial for achieving a high score in the Biology examination.

Purpose of the JAMB Biology Syllabus

The JAMB Biology syllabus aims to ensure that candidates:

• Demonstrate sufficient knowledge of the concepts of the diversity, interdependence, and unity of life.
• Account for continuity of life through reorganization, inheritance, and evolution.
• Apply biological principles and concepts to everyday life, especially to matters affecting the individual, society, the environment, community health, and the economy.

Structure of the Syllabus

The syllabus is organized into five main sections, each encompassing specific topics and objectives:

1. Variety of Organisms
   • Topics:
     • Classification of living organisms
     • Kingdoms: Monera, Protista, Fungi, Plantae, Animalia
     • Viruses: structure and economic importance
   • Objectives:
     • Understand the basis of classification and the characteristics of different kingdoms.
     • Recognize the structure and significance of viruses.
2. Form and Functions
   • Topics:
     • Cell structure and organization
     • Tissues, organs, and systems
     • Nutrition in plants and animals
     • Respiration
     • Excretion and homeostasis
     • Reproduction and growth
     • Coordination and control
   • Objectives:
     • Describe the structure and functions of cells and their components.
     • Explain the processes of nutrition, respiration, excretion, and homeostasis.
     • Understand the mechanisms of reproduction, growth, coordination, and control in living organisms.
3. Ecology
   • Topics:
     • Factors affecting the distribution of organisms
     • Symbiotic interactions of plants and animals
     • Natural habitats and Nigerian biomes
     • Population ecology
     • Soil and its components
     • Human impact on the environment
   • Objectives:
     • Analyze the factors influencing the distribution and abundance of organisms.
     • Describe various symbiotic relationships and their ecological significance.
     • Understand the characteristics of different habitats and biomes, particularly in Nigeria.
     • Evaluate the effects of human activities on the environment.
4. Heredity and Variations
   • Topics:
     • Mendelian inheritance
     • Chromosomes and genes
     • Sex determination and linkage
     • Genetic variations and mutations
   • Objectives:
     • Explain the principles of inheritance and the role of chromosomes and genes.
     • Understand the mechanisms of sex determination and genetic linkage.
     • Discuss the sources and significance of genetic variations and mutations.
5. Evolution
   • Topics:
     • Theories of evolution
     • Evidence supporting evolutionary theories
   • Objectives:
     • Describe various evolutionary theories and the evidence supporting them.
     • Understand the processes driving evolution and speciation.

Recommended Study Strategies

• Familiarize Yourself with the Syllabus: Use the syllabus as a checklist to ensure all topics are covered during your study sessions.
• Utilize Recommended Textbooks: Refer to textbooks endorsed by JAMB for comprehensive explanations and illustrations.
• Practice with Past Questions: Solving past UTME Biology questions can help you understand the exam pattern and identify key areas of focus.
• Engage in Group Discussions: Collaborating with peers can enhance understanding and retention of complex topics.
• Seek Clarification: Don’t hesitate to ask teachers or mentors for explanations on topics you find challenging.

For a more detailed breakdown of the syllabus and additional resources, you can visit the official JAMB website or consult educational platforms that provide comprehensive guides and study materials.

By adhering to this syllabus and employing effective study techniques, candidates can enhance their preparedness and confidence for the Biology section of the UTME.

JAMB Syllabus for Biology 2025/2026

Below is the approved JAMB Syllabus For Biology:

1.	Evolution
2.	Ecology
3.	Ecology: The Ecology Of Population
4.	Forms And Functions: Transport
5.	Forms And Functions: Support And Movement
6.	Ecology: Natural Habitats
7.	Ecology: Local (Nigerian) Biomes
8.	Functional And Behavioural Adaptation
9.	Forms And Functions: Reproduction
10.	Heredity And Variations: Variation In Population
11.	Forms And Functions: Co-ordination And Control
12.	Ecology: Soil
13.	Forms And Functions: Excretion
14.	Variety Of Organisms: Evolution
15.	Forms And Functions: Nutrition
16.	Heredity And Variations: Heredity
17.	Forms And Functions: Growth
18.	Forms And Functions: Internal Structure Of A Flowering Plant
19.	Ecology: Symbiotic Interaction Of Plants And Animals
20.	Variety Of Organisms: Structural
21.	Variety Of Organisms: Living Organisms
22.	Evolution: Theories Of Evolution
23.	Ecology: Nutrient Cycling In Nature
24.	Ecology: Factors Affecting The Distribution Of Organisms
25.	Forms And Functions: Respiration

Tips to Score High in JAMB Biology 2025/2026

Scoring high in JAMB Biology requires a deep understanding of concepts, consistent practice, and smart study techniques. Follow these expert tips to boost your chances of scoring 80+ in JAMB Biology:

1. Study the JAMB Biology Syllabus Thoroughly

• Download the official JAMB Biology syllabus and use it as a study guide.
• Focus on frequently tested topics such as:
  • Cell structure and organization
  • Reproduction in plants and animals
  • Genetics and evolution
  • Ecology and environmental biology
• The syllabus helps you avoid wasting time on irrelevant topics.

2. Use Recommended Textbooks

• JAMB recommends certain textbooks for Biology. Some great options include:
  • Modern Biology by Sarojini T. Ramalingam
  • Comprehensive Biology by G. N. Nduka
  • Essential Biology by M.C. Michael
• These books provide detailed explanations, diagrams, and solved examples.

3. Understand, Don’t Cram

• Biology is a concept-based subject—understanding is key.
• Read topics carefully and relate them to real-life situations.
• Use mnemonics and acronyms to memorize complex biological terms.

4. Master Important Biology Diagram

• Many JAMB Biology questions involve diagrams, such as:
  • The human heart and digestive system
  • The structure of a flower and a leaf
  • The nitrogen and carbon cycle
• Practice drawing and labeling these diagrams from memory.

5. Solve Past JAMB Questions Regularly

• Get at least 10 years’ worth of past Biology questions and practice them.
• Identify common question patterns and frequently tested areas.
• Time yourself while practicing to improve your speed and accuracy.

6. Take Online CBT Practice Tests

• Use JAMB CBT practice apps like:
  • Myschool.ng CBT
  • JAMB Prep by Pass.ng
  • Flashlearners JAMB CBT App
• These apps simulate real JAMB exam conditions, improving your confidence.

7. Understand Genetics and Inheritance Well

• Questions on Mendelian genetics, dominant and recessive traits, mutations, and sex-linked traits appear frequently in JAMB Biology.
• Solve numerical problems related to monohybrid and dihybrid crosses.

8. Read Ecology and Environment Topics Carefully

• Ecology topics like food chains, food webs, energy flow, and ecological relationships are common in JAMB.
• Learn how human activities impact the environment (pollution, deforestation, global warming).

9. Manage Your Time Well During the Exam

• The Biology section has 40 questions, and you have limited time.
• Start with easy questions first, then tackle difficult ones.
• Avoid wasting too much time on one question—move on and come back to it if needed.

10. Stay Healthy and Confident

• Get enough sleep before the exam to stay mentally sharp.
• Stay hydrated and eat healthy on exam day.
• Believe in yourself—confidence can boost your performance.

How to Download JAMB Area of Concentration for Biology PDF

Kindly follow the below procedures to download JAMB Biology PDF:

1. Visit JAMB official website at www.jamb.gov.ng.
2. Navigate to the “Syllabus” section on the homepage.
3. Select Biology from the list of subjects.
4. Click the Download PDF button to save the document to your device.