The Joint Admissions and Matriculation Board (JAMB) Unified Tertiary Matriculation Examination (UTME) is a critical assessment for Nigerian students aiming for higher education. A comprehensive understanding of the syllabus is essential for effective preparation. This article provides an in-depth overview of the JAMB Economics syllabus for the 2025/2026 academic session, detailing the key topics and areas of focus.

Overview of the JAMB Economics Syllabus

The JAMB Economics syllabus is designed to evaluate candidates’ understanding of economic concepts, structures, and systems. It encompasses a wide range of topics, each with specific objectives to guide students in their studies.

Detailed Breakdown

1. Economics as a Science
   • Topics:
     • Nature and scope of economics
     • Economics as a social science
     • Positive and normative economics
   • Objectives:
     • Understand the scientific nature of economics
     • Differentiate between positive and normative statements
2. Economic Systems
   • Topics:
     • Types of economic systems: capitalism, socialism, mixed economy
     • Characteristics and features of each system
     • Advantages and disadvantages
   • Objectives:
     • Identify different economic systems
     • Compare their features and implications
3. Methods and Tools of Economic Analysis
   • Topics:
     • Scientific methods: inductive and deductive reasoning
     • Basic tools: tables, charts, graphs
     • Measures of central tendency: mean, median, mode
     • Measures of dispersion: range, variance, standard deviation
   • Objectives:
     • Apply scientific methods in economic analysis
     • Utilize statistical tools to interpret economic data
4. The Theory of Demand
   • Topics:
     • Meaning and determinants of demand
     • Demand schedules and curves
     • Types of demand: composite, derived, competitive, joint
     • Elasticity of demand: price, income, cross elasticity
   • Objectives:
     • Analyze factors affecting demand
     • Interpret demand curves and elasticity concepts
5. The Theory of Consumer Behaviour
   • Topics:
     • Utility concepts: total, marginal, average
     • Indifference curve analysis
     • Budget line and consumer equilibrium
     • Consumer surplus
   • Objectives:
     • Understand consumer choice theory
     • Apply indifference curve and budget line analysis
6. The Theory of Supply
   • Topics:
     • Meaning and determinants of supply
     • Supply schedules and curves
     • Types of supply
     • Elasticity of supply
   • Objectives:
     • Examine factors influencing supply
     • Interpret supply curves and elasticity
7. The Theory of Price Determination
   • Topics:
     • Price mechanism in a free market
     • Interaction of demand and supply
     • Equilibrium price and quantity
     • Effects of government intervention: price controls, subsidies
   • Objectives:
     • Analyze how prices are determined
     • Assess the impact of government policies on pricing
8. The Theory of Production
   • Topics:
     • Factors of production: land, labor, capital, entrepreneurship
     • Production functions
     • Laws of returns: increasing, constant, diminishing
     • Economies and diseconomies of scale
   • Objectives:
     • Understand production processes
     • Evaluate the laws governing production
9. Theory of Costs and Revenue
   • Topics:
     • Cost concepts: fixed, variable, total, average, marginal
     • Revenue concepts: total, average, marginal
     • Short-run and long-run cost curves
   • Objectives:
     • Analyze cost structures
     • Interpret revenue models
10. Market Structures
    • Topics:
      • Perfect competition
      • Monopoly
      • Monopolistic competition
      • Oligopoly
    • Objectives:
      • Differentiate between market structures
      • Assess their characteristics and outcomes
11. National Income
    • Topics:
      • Concepts: GDP, GNP, NNP, NI, PI, DI
      • Methods of measurement: output, income, expenditure
      • Problems of measurement
      • Uses and limitations of national income data
    • Objectives:
      • Understand national income accounting
      • Evaluate the challenges in measuring national income

JAMB Syllabus for Economics 2025/2026

Below is the approved JAMB Syllabus For Economics:

1.	Methods And Tools Of Economic Analysis
2.	Market Structures
3.	Money And Inflation
4.	Labour And Unemployment
5.	Economic Growth And Development
6.	Agriculture In Nigeria
7.	Natural Resources And The Nigerian Economy
8.	Distributive Trade
9.	The Theory Of Price Determination
10.	National Income
11.	Financial Institutions
12.	Industry And Industrialization
13.	Business Organizations
14.	The Theory Of Demand
15.	The Theory Of Consumer Behaviour
16.	Economics as A Science
17.	The Theory Of Production
18.	International Economic Organizations
19.	Factors Of Production And Their Theories
20.	Public Finance
21.	The Theory Of Supply
22.	International Trade
23.	Theory Of Costs And Revenue
24.	Population
25.	Economic Systems

How to Score High in JAMB Economics 2025/2026

Scoring high in JAMB Economics 2025/2026 requires a strategic approach, effective study habits, and a deep understanding of key economic concepts. Here are essential tips to help you achieve a high score in the exam:

1. Understand the JAMB Economics Syllabus

• Download and study the official JAMB Economics syllabus for 2025/2026.
• Identify key topics such as:
  • Basic economic principles
  • Market structures
  • National income
  • Demand and supply
  • Inflation and monetary policies
• Focus on frequently tested topics by reviewing past questions.

2. Study with Recommended Textbooks

• Use JAMB-recommended textbooks to get accurate and well-explained concepts.
• Some useful books include:
  • Comprehensive Economics for Senior Secondary Schools by J.U. Anyaele.
  • Essential Economics by C.E. Ande.
  • O-Level Economics by W.A. Atkinson.
• Take concise notes while reading to aid revision.

3. Master the Basic Economic Concepts

• Economics is concept-driven, so you must clearly understand terms like:
  • Opportunity cost
  • Elasticity of demand and supply
  • Types of economic systems
  • Functions of money and banking
• Apply real-world examples to make the concepts easier to understand.

4. Practice JAMB Past Questions and Mock Tests

• Get at least 10 years of past JAMB Economics questions.
• Identify recurring questions and patterns.
• Practice using JAMB CBT apps like Myschool.ng, TestDriller, and others.
• Set a time limit while practicing to improve speed.

5. Improve Your Calculation Skills

• Economics involves basic calculations, such as:
  • Computing national income (GDP, GNP, NNP, etc.).
  • Analyzing cost and revenue functions.
  • Calculating elasticity and percentage changes.
• Master simple formulas and their applications.

6. Learn to Interpret Graphs, Tables, and Charts

• Many JAMB Economics questions involve data interpretation.
• Understand how to read:
  • Demand and supply curves.
  • Production possibility frontiers.
  • Inflation trends.
• Practice drawing and analyzing economic graphs.

7. Develop Time Management Skills

• JAMB is a computer-based test (CBT), and you have 40 questions to answer within a limited time.
• Don’t spend too much time on a single question; move on and return later.
• Use the elimination method to quickly discard incorrect options.

8. Stay Updated with Current Economic Issues

• JAMB sometimes includes questions on real-world economic trends.
• Follow news on:
  • Inflation rates.
  • Foreign exchange policies.
  • Government fiscal and monetary policies.
• Read business and economy sections of newspapers like The Guardian, Vanguard, and BusinessDay.

9. Join a Study Group or Get a Tutor

• Study groups help with:
  • Explaining difficult topics.
  • Sharing study materials.
  • Providing motivation.
• If you struggle with certain topics, get a tutor to clarify them.

10. Take Care of Your Health and Reduce Stress

• Get enough rest before the exam.
• Avoid last-minute cramming; instead, revise strategically.
• Stay hydrated and eat well to maintain focus.

11. Be Exam-Day Ready

• Get to the exam center early.
• Read instructions carefully before answering questions.
• Stay calm and confident to avoid panic mistakes.

How to Download JAMB Area of Concentration for Economics PDF

Kindly follow the below procedures to dwonload JAMB Economics PDF:

1. Visit JAMB official website at www.jamb.gov.ng.
2. Navigate to the “Syllabus” section on the homepage.
3. Select Economics from the list of subjects.
4. Click the Download PDF button to save the document to your device.